Carbohydrate strategy
Target 60–90 g/hr of mixed glucose:fructose (roughly 1:0.8) on all three stages. Trained guts can push 100–120 g/hr on Stages 1 and 3 (~4–5 h efforts); most riders stay at 70–90 g/hr on Stage 2 because Columbine's intensity suppresses gastric emptying.



